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土壤易分解与耐分解碳、氮组分是表征土壤有机碳、氮转化特征的一项重要指标,但如何高效获得该组分的大量样品是当前的一个难题。本文改进传统少量筛分法,设计一次性大量筛分设备,对我国两种典型旱地土壤黑土与潮土的不施肥(CK)、化肥(NPK)、化肥配施秸秆(NPKS)和化肥配施有机肥(NPKM)4个处理土壤分别进行一次性大量(100、200和300 g)筛分,并比较与传统(50 g)筛分法的差异,了解该设备大量筛分样品的工作效率与可行性。结果表明:黑土或潮土大量(300 g)筛分时,与筛分量200和100 g的质量、全碳和全氮回收率无显著差异,均在97%以上;3个筛分量下同一处理的黑土或潮土的易分解碳、氮或耐分解碳、氮含量基本无显著差异。与传统筛分法相比,黑土或潮土筛分量为300 g的质量回收率比50 g的质量回收率提高1%~3%,全碳和全氮回收率提高1%~8%;易分解碳、氮或耐分解碳、氮含量基本无显著差异,以黑土CK处理为例,筛分量为300 g与50 g的土壤易分解组分氮含量分别为0.12和0.14 g/kg,两者无显著差异;与传统筛分法相比,筛分量由50 g提高到300 g,单位时间获得土壤易、耐分解碳、氮组分样品的效率提高了5倍。因此,改进设备后的筛分法可以一次性筛分300 g旱地土样,且土壤质量、全碳和全氮回收率提高1%~8%,是一种获取旱地土壤易、耐分解碳、氮组分较为简单高效的方法。
Soil decomposable and decomposable carbon and nitrogen components are an important indicator of soil organic carbon and nitrogen transformation characteristics. However, how to efficiently obtain a large number of samples of this component is a current problem. In this paper, the traditional small amount of screening method was improved and a one-time large-scale screening equipment was designed to test the effects of non-fertilization (CK), chemical fertilizers (NPK), NPKS and fertilizers on two typical dryland soils in China. (NPKM), the four treated soils were screened by a large amount at one time (100, 200 and 300 g) respectively and compared with the traditional (50 g) sifting method to find out the efficiency of the equipment in screening a large number of samples and feasibility. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the mass, total carbon and total nitrogen recovery of 200 and 100 g of sieve when the amount of black soil or alluvial soil was screened by a large amount (300 g), all of which were above 97% Of black soil or Chao soil easily decomposable carbon, nitrogen or decomposable carbon, nitrogen content of the basic no significant difference. Compared with the traditional sieving method, the mass recovery of 300 g sieve with black soil or moist soil is 1% ~ 3% higher than that of 50 g, and the recovery of total carbon and total nitrogen is increased by 1% ~ 8% There was no significant difference in carbon, nitrogen, or decomposable carbon and nitrogen content. Taking black soil CK treatment as an example, the nitrogen content of the soil easy-to-decompose components with sieve contents of 300 g and 50 g were 0.12 and 0.14 g / kg, respectively Compared with the traditional sieving method, the sieving amount increased from 50 g to 300 g, and the yield of soil per unit time was higher than that of the traditional screening method. Therefore, the improved screening method can screen 300 g dryland soil samples at a time, and the soil quality, total carbon and total nitrogen recovery rate increased by 1% to 8%, is a kind of access to dryland soil easily decomposable carbon, Nitrogen component is a simple and efficient method.