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英语语法的文献中,对完成体的描述多种多样,有的说是时态,有的说是体貌。科姆里(Comrie,1976)曾试图澄清语法术语和概念,他论证说,与其说完成式属于英语时态系统,不如说是属于体貌系统。时态系统涉及时间的区别,语法上只表现为两种时态:过去时和现在时。体貌系统所涉及的种种区别则与时间观念迥然不同。比如,通过非进行体与进行体的体貌对立,可以把一件事情看作完成的或未完成的。例如,He read:He was reading形成对立,尽管这两句都是过去时态,第一句是非进行体,第二句则是进行体。完成体会唤起人们对一事件的回顾;“它把某一时刻的状态与早些时候的情形联系起来”。(Comrie,1976:
English grammar literature, the description of the body of a variety of different, some say that is tense, some say physical. Comrie (1976) had attempted to clarify the grammatical terms and concepts, arguing that, rather than being a tense, the English-speaking temporal system belonged to the physical system. Tense system involves the difference of time, the syntax shows only two kinds of tense: past tense and present tense. The differences between the physical systems involved are quite different from the notions of time. For example, one can think of one thing as completed or unfinished by contrasting the appearances of non-performing and performing bodies. For example, He read: He was reading forms an opposition, although both sentences are past tense, the first sentence is non-progressive and the second is progressive. Completion of experience arouses people’s review of an event; “It relates the state of a moment to the earlier situation.” (Comrie, 1976: