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目的了解临清市居民被动物致伤及狂犬病疫苗、狂犬病免疫球旦白的接种情况,评价狂犬病预防处置效果,为狂犬病防治提供科学依据。方法对2011—2012年在临清市疾病预防控制中心狂犬病暴露处置门诊就诊的被动物致伤及疫苗接种者进行描述性调查。结果 2011—2012年被动物致伤4 284例,年平均致伤率279.09/10万。2012年狂犬病发生1例,死亡1例。6—8月份为动物致伤高峰,发生1 542例,占35.99%;致伤者男2 506人,女1 778人,性别比1.41∶1;职业以农民(1 178例,占27.50%)和散居儿童(850例,占19.84%)居多,其次是学生(835例,占19.49%)、工人(811例,占18.93%);年龄以20~49岁青壮年(1 698例,占39.64%)和小于10岁儿童(1 258例,占29.37%)居多;伤人动物88.24%是犬(3 780例),其次为猫(396例,占9.24%);致伤动物未进行免疫接种占84.03%;伤及部位头面部192例(4.48%),上肢(手)1 612例(37.93%),下肢(脚)1 902例(44.40%),多处致伤270例(6.30%)。患者在2 h内就诊者3 953例,占92.27%;24 h内就诊4 117例,占96.10%。91.36%的患者伤口及时被清洗、消毒。狂犬病疫苗全程接种4 189例,占97.78%;狂犬病免疫球蛋白接种2 498例,接种率58.31%。结论该市动物致伤者较多,狂犬病疫苗和狂犬病免疫球蛋白的接种率较高,正确处理伤口+疫苗+被动免疫制剂(免疫球蛋白)是预防狂犬病发生的重要举措。
Objective To understand the vaccination situation of animal rabies and rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin in Linqing city and evaluate the effect of rabies prevention and treatment to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of rabies. Methods Descriptive surveys of animals injured and vaccinated at outpatient visits to rabies exposure in the Linqing CDC in 2011-2012 were conducted. Results 4 284 animals were injured in animals from 2011 to 2012, the average annual injury rate was 279.09 / 100 000. One case of rabies in 2012 and one case of death. In June-August, the incidence of animal injuries was 1542, accounting for 35.99%. The number of wounded were 2 506 and 1 788 respectively, with a gender ratio of 1.41:1. Farmers (1 178 cases, accounting for 27.50% (835 cases, accounting for 19.49%) and workers (811 cases, accounting for 18.93%); young adults aged from 20 to 49 (1 698 cases, accounting for 39.64% of the total) %) And children less than 10 years old (1 258 cases, accounting for 29.37%). The animals were 88.24% dogs (3780), followed by cats (396 cases, 9.24%). The animals were not immunized Accounting for 84.03%; 192 cases (4.48%) of head and face injuries, 1 612 cases (37.93%) of upper limbs (arms), 1 902 cases of lower limbs (44.40%) and 270 cases (6.30% . The number of patients treated within 2 h was 3 953 (92.27%), and 4 117 (96.10%) were seen within 24 h. 91.36% of patients were cleaned and disinfected timely. In total, 4,189 rabies vaccination vaccines were vaccinated, accounting for 97.78%; 2 498 rabies immunoglobulin inoculation rates were 58.31%. Conclusions There are more animals in the city, and rabies vaccines and rabies immunoglobulin vaccination rates are higher. Correct treatment of wound + vaccine + passive immunization (immunoglobulin) is an important measure to prevent rabies.