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为查明作物生长必需的主要元素在土壤中的丰缺及养分间的平衡，采用实验室分析、吸附试验、温室盆栽和田间试验的系统方法研究不同土壤养分状况及平衡施肥的措施。通过对三种供试土壤速效养分、主要养分吸附性能的系统测定和温室试验，初步确定其限制因子为Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｂ（Ｚｎ、Ｍｇ）。田间试验证明，在豆—稻轮作制中Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｚｎ、Ｂ都是限制因子。在蚕豆上施Ｋ、Ｚｎ、Ｂ能大幅度提高产量，且Ｋ对水稻后效明显。Ｐ在陆良土壤上增产明显，蚕豆施用Ｐ２Ｏ５６０～１８０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２可增产１２．６％～２７．７％；水稻上施Ｎ效果也好，增产幅度为８．９～１４％。根据养分在土壤—作物间的供需平衡，供试土壤上限制因子的施肥用量以１２０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２为基础，其比例在蚕豆上大致为Ｐ：Ｋ：Ｂ（Ｍｇ或：Ｚｎ，＝１：１．５：０．０６（：０．２５或０．２５），水稻上不能只考虑依靠前作施肥的后效，当季施肥也十分重要。
In order to identify the abundance of essential elements in the soil and the balance between nutrients, the laboratory analysis, adsorption experiments, greenhouse pot experiments and field experiments were conducted to study the nutrient status of different soils and to balance fertilization. The limiting factors of N, P, K, B (Zn, Mg) were preliminarily determined through the systematic determination of available nutrients and the main nutrient adsorption properties of three kinds of tested soil and greenhouse experiments. Field experiments showed that N, P, K, Zn and B were all limiting factors in the soybean-rice rotation system. Applying K, Zn, B on broad bean can greatly increase the yield, and K has obvious effect on rice. P significantly increased yield in Luliang soil. The broad bean yield increased 12.6% -27.7% with P2O560 ~ 180kg / hm2. The effect of applying N on rice was also good, with a yield increase of 8.9-14%. According to the nutrient-soil-crop balance of supply and demand, fertilization rates for the upper limiting factor for the soil tested were 120 kg / hm2, and the proportion was roughly P: K: B (Mg or Zn = 1: 1) on broad beans. 5: 0.06 (: 0.25 or 0.25). Rice can not only consider the aftereffect of fertilizing rice, but it is also important to use fertilizers in the current season.