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非洲是世界上矿藏最丰富的大陆之一。它的矿产种类繁多,其中铀、锰、钴、铬、铜、黄金、钻石、锑、磷酸石等在世界总产量中占有很大的比重。它所开采的矿产有92％是输往国外的,因此非洲长期以来一直被认为是西方资本主义国家重要的原料供应地。直到现在非洲还有相当一部分土地处于未经勘察的阶段,所以可能还会发现种类更多、蘊藏量更丰富的矿藏,如同最近人们在撒哈拉大沙漠所发现的一样。正因为如此,近几年来,很多帝国主义国家对非洲表现了越来越浓厚的兴趣,其中特别是美国更不遗余力地向非洲进行扩张活动,企图代替英、法等老牌殖民国家来控制这塊大陆。因篇幅关系,本文只介绍非洲两种占世界总产量比例较高的矿产——铀和铜。
Africa is one of the most mineral-rich continents in the world. Its mineral variety, of which uranium, manganese, cobalt, chromium, copper, gold, diamonds, antimony, phosphate rock, etc. in the world total output accounted for a large proportion. As much as 92 per cent of the minerals it mines are exported abroad, Africa has long been considered an important supplier of raw materials to Western capitalist countries. Until now, a significant portion of the land remains in an unpolluted part of Africa, so more and more diverse deposits may be found, as recently discovered by the people in the Sahara Desert. Because of this, in recent years many imperialist countries have shown increasing interest in Africa. In particular, the United States has spared no efforts in expanding its activities in Africa in an attempt to control the continent instead of the established colonial countries such as Britain and France . Due to space limitations, this article describes only two of Africa’s minerals, uranium and copper, which account for a larger share of the world’s total production.