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人们对半导体中的电子空穴对在库仑互作用下形成的激子态及其有关的物理性质进行了深入研究.激子效应对半导体中的光吸收、发光、激射和光学非线性作用等物理过程具有重要影响,并在半导体光电子器件的研究和开发中得到了重要的应用.与半导体体材料相比,在量子化的低维电子结构中,激子的束缚能要大得多,激子效应增强,而且在较高温度或在电场作用下更稳定.这对制作利用激子效应的光电子器件非常有利.近年来量子阱、量子点等低维结构研究获得飞速的进展,已大大促进了激子效应在新型半导体光源和半导体非线性光电子器件领域的应用.
Electron-hole pairs in semiconductors have been studied intensively in terms of the exciton states formed by Coulomb interactions and their associated physical properties. Exciton effects on the light absorption, luminescence, lasing, and optical nonlinearities in semiconductors Physical processes have an important impact and have gained important applications in the research and development of semiconductor optoelectronic devices.Compared to semiconductor materials, the exciton binding energy is much larger in quantum low-dimensional electronic structures Which enhances the sub-effect and is more stable at higher temperature or under the action of an electric field, which is very beneficial for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices using exciton effect. In recent years, rapid progress has been made in the research of low-dimensional structures such as quantum wells and quantum dots The exciton effect in the new semiconductor light source and semiconductor non-linear optoelectronic devices in the field of application.