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马歇尔计划,官方名称为欧洲复兴计划(European Recovery Program),是二战后美国对被战争破坏的西欧各国进行经济援助、协助重建的计划,于1947年7月正式启动,对欧洲国家的发展和世界政治格局产生了深远的影响。然而,作为杜鲁门主义第一次大规模的运用和美国冷战政策、遏制策略的突出体现,这一计划对于其提出者和实施者美国本国在政治、经济等方面同样产生了不可小觑的影响,并在实质上起到了双刃剑的作用。
The Marshall Plan, officially known as the European Recovery Program, was the United States’ plan of economic assistance and reconstruction for the Western European countries wiped out by the war after World War II. It was officially launched in July 1947 and has taken a close view of the development of European countries and the world The political landscape has had a profound impact. However, as the first large-scale application of Truman doctrine and the salient manifestation of the containment strategy of the U.S. Cold War policy, this plan equally exerts an irreversible influence on the political and economic aspects of the United States itself, the proponent and implementer of the plan. And in fact played a double-edged sword role.