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方法了解北京市某寄宿小学水痘突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征及防控措施,为有效防控小学水痘突发/暴发疫情提供经验。方法采取现场流行病学调查,对某寄宿小学水痘病例流行病学资料进行分析。结果本次疫情共有15名学生发病,罹患率为4.64%,病例主要集中在8岁以上年龄组,所有病例均有水痘疫苗免疫史,免疫史均超过5年。结论疫苗接种时间较长、人群免疫水平较低是某小学水痘暴发疫情发生的主要原因。建议进一步研究水痘疫苗实际保护效果,适时对小学在校学生实施水痘疫苗第2剂补种,以增强抗体保护性。
Methods To understand the epidemiological characteristics and prevention and control measures of public health emergency of varicella in a boarding primary school in Beijing and to provide experience for the effective prevention and control of primary school chickenpox inbreaks / outbreaks. Methods Epidemiological survey was conducted to analyze the epidemiological data of chicken pox in a boarding primary school. Results A total of 15 students were present in this outbreak. The attack rate was 4.64%. The cases mainly concentrated in the age group of over 8 years old. All cases were immunized with varicella vaccine for more than 5 years. Conclusion The longer time of vaccination and the lower level of immunity in the population are the main reasons for the outbreak of chickenpox in a primary school. Proposed further study of the actual protective effect of chickenpox vaccine, primary school students in a timely manner the implementation of the second dose of varicella vaccine to enhance antibody protection.