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众所周知,力量素质是竞技体育运动中的首要素质,在很多项目中,是取得优异成绩的基础。力量对其它素质的发展也起着积极的作用,更是掌握技术,实施战术的重要基础。换句话说,一切体育活动离不开力量,发展力量是运动员训练的重要任务之一。目前,超等长练习普遍地用于发展肌肉的爆发力。经过大量的研究证明,这种方法效果良好。它的优点是,既能有效地发展肌肉爆发力,又不耗费大量的时间,也不增加运动员受伤的危险性。从运动生理学的角度来看,肌肉的向心收缩(肌肉收缩力超过外阻力时,肌肉缩短)如果紧接在同一肌肉的一个离心收缩(肌肉收缩力小于外力,肌肉收缩时被拉长)之后,会更为有利。其原因是:(1)肌肉弹性体产生的张力变化。当肌肉被拉长时,一部分机械能由于肌肉的弹性作用而被贮存起来,在紧密连接的向心收缩中,这部分贮存的能量被释放出
As we all know, the strength of the quality of competitive sports is the primary qualities in many projects, is the basis for excellent results. Strength also plays a positive role in the development of other qualities. It is also an important foundation for mastery of technology and tactics. In other words, all sports are inseparable from the power of development is one of the important tasks of training athletes. At present, super-long practice is generally used to develop muscle explosive power. After a large number of studies have shown that this method works well. Its advantage is that it can not only effectively develop muscle power, but also does not consume a lot of time, nor increase the risk of injury to athletes. From the point of view of exercise physiology, the centripetal contraction of muscles (shortening of muscles when muscle contractility exceeds the external resistance) can be reduced if one centrifugal contraction (muscle contraction force is less than external force and muscle contraction is lengthened) immediately after the same muscle , Will be more favorable. The reason is: (1) muscle tension changes produced by the elastomer. When the muscles are stretched, a part of the mechanical energy is stored due to the elastic effect of the muscles, and the energy stored in this part is released during close-fitting centripetal contraction