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内在性和超越性的问题,应该首先从人的生存态势以及在这种生存态势中的可能生活选择中理解。它们只是一些“世俗”的、可及的生活方式和相应的生活体验。内在性不过意味着对每一个人来说总是需要自己来面对和承担的生活世界的给予性,机缘生活常使它置于谬误和痛苦的边缘。超越性不过意味着从那种由生存的私己性所带来的窘境中的解脱意向和方式。当列维纳斯把他人作为自我超越欲望的中心的时候,他发现了生存超越的现实道路,但同时消解了作为现象学理论出发点的内在性的重要地位。
The problem of internality and transcendence should first be understood from the living conditions of human beings and the possible choices of life in such living situations. They are just some of the “worldly”, accessible lifestyle and the corresponding life experience. Intrinsicity, however, means that for each individual always needs to be given and dealt with by the life-giving world, which often places it on the verge of error and anguish. Transcendence means, however, the intention and manner of liberation from the awkward situation brought about by the existence of self-existence. When Levinas regarded others as the center of self-transcendence of desire, he discovered the realistic path of transcendence of existence, but at the same time digested the important position of internality as the starting point of phenomenological theory.