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在九年制义务教育大纲中已具体阐明:“要使学生受到把实际问题抽象成数学问题的训练,形成应用数学意识”.初中阶段,列方程解应用题是培养学生应用数学意识的极好素材,因为应用题信息量大,灵活度高,可开拓性强.在学生所掌握的知识基础上,可以从多角度出发来理解题中的数量关系,列出形式不同的方程.这样不但可激发学生对数学学科的兴趣,还可避免增加学生的负担.但现在的初中学生对列方程解应用题一般感到困难,感到“无计可施”.其中最重要的原因是不理解题意,找不到所存在的数量关系,于是列不出方程.我们要培养学生解应用题的能力,关键在于教他们掌握分析和概括的方法,从本质上认识数量关系.
In the nine-year compulsory education curriculum has been specifically stated: “To enable students to be practical problems abstract mathematical problems training, the formation of applied mathematics awareness.” In junior high school, the application of column equation solution is to train students to apply mathematical awareness of the excellent Material, because of the large amount of application information, high flexibility, groundbreaking and strong. Based on the knowledge of students, from a multi-angle to understand the relationship between the number of questions, lists the different forms of equations. Not only this Stimulate students interest in mathematics subjects, but also to avoid increasing the burden on students, but now junior high school students solve the problem of column equations generally difficult, feel “no choice.” One of the most important reason is do not understand the problem, can not find We can not formulate the equation.We need to cultivate the students ability to solve the problem, the key is to teach them to master the methods of analysis and generalization, to understand the quantitative relationship.