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以石家庄市地表水源保护区为例,应用土壤侵蚀通用方程(RUSLE)计算出研究区2000年和2010年的土壤侵蚀强度等级图。通过Fragstats景观格局分析软件计算出斑块面积、平均斑块分维数、Shannon多样性指数、聚集度指数等10多个景观指数,从斑块类型水平和景观水平2个层次上定量地分析了石家庄市地表水源保护区土壤侵蚀的分布及其变化规律。结果表明:(1)10年间,研究区的土壤侵蚀状况得到好转。(2)景观水平上,侵蚀景观的异质性和破碎性降低,侵蚀斑块连接性略有上升,侵蚀景观中的各斑块更加紧凑密集。(3)斑块类型水平上,轻度侵蚀斑块面积增加,已成为侵蚀景观内的本底,景观的异质性和破碎性增强;强烈、极强烈侵蚀区面积有所下降,景观异质性减弱、破碎度变小;剧烈侵蚀面积略有增大,研究区局部侵蚀区域在程度上有所恶化。
Taking the surface water source protection area in Shijiazhuang as an example, the general soil erosion equation (RUSLE) was used to calculate the soil erosion intensity maps of the study area in 2000 and 2010. Fragstats landscape pattern analysis software was used to calculate more than 10 landscape indices such as patch area, average patch fractal dimension, Shannon’s diversity index and clustering index, and quantitatively analyzed from two levels of patch type and landscape level Soil Erosion Distribution and Its Variation in Shijiazhuang Surface Water Conservation Area. The results show that: (1) Soil erosion in the study area has been improved in 10 years. (2) At the landscape level, the heterogeneity and fragmentation of the erosion landscape are reduced, the connectivity of the erosion patches is slightly increased, and the patches in the erosion landscape are more compact and dense. (3) At the plaque type level, the area of mildly eroded plaques increased and became the background within the eroded landscape. The heterogeneity and fragmentation of the landscape were enhanced. The area of intense and extremely intense eroded areas decreased, and the landscape heterogeneity And the degree of fragmentation decreases; the area of severe erosion increases slightly, and the extent of local erosion in the study area is somewhat deteriorated.