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人虽然有两个肺脏,但只有1根气管,2根主支气管,在功能上右肺占55%,左肺占45%。气管出现阻塞,直接影响双肺的呼吸功能,而主支气管出现阻塞,同侧肺功能受到影响,甚至丧失。因此无论是气管还是主支气管,阻塞后都将引起严重的呼吸功能障碍,甚至窒息死亡。近年来出现的气道内介入治疗,通过非外科手术方法,可快速解除或缓解中心气道阻塞。但各种腔内介入技术都有其局限性,笔者结合患者和病变的类型,介绍腔内介入治疗方案的设计和麻醉方法的合理使用。一、各种介入技术1.激光:激光被认为是治疗气道阻塞性病变的最好的方法,使用最多的激光是钕-钇铝石榴石激光(Nd:YAG 激
Although there are two human lungs, but only one trachea, two main bronchus, right in the function of 55% of the lungs, left lung 45%. Tracheal obstruction, a direct impact on the respiratory function of the lungs, and the main bronchial obstruction, ipsilateral lung function affected, or even lost. Therefore, whether it is the trachea or the main bronchus, obstruction will cause severe respiratory dysfunction, or even suffocation. In recent years, airway interventional treatment, through non-surgical methods, can quickly relieve or alleviate central airway obstruction. However, a variety of endovascular interventional techniques have their limitations, the author combined the type of patients and lesions, the introduction of endovascular interventional treatment program design and anesthesia rational use of methods. First, a variety of interventional techniques 1. Laser: laser is considered the best method of treatment of obstructive airway disease, the most used laser is neodymium - yttrium aluminum garnet laser (Nd: YAG shock