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目的掌握汉中市手足口病的流行病学特征,为今后防控工作提供科学依据。方法通过国家传染病报告信息管理系统、基本信息系统、手足口病重症/死亡病例流行病学调查表、手足口病病原学检测结果等资料对汉中市11县区2008-2012年手足口病发病相关资料进行收集整理,用EXCEL软件进行录入和数据统计,将流行特征及病原学检测结果进行描述性分析。结果 2008-2012年累计报病10 938例,年均发病率286.82/10万,发病高峰为4~7月份,次高峰为11~12月份。累计死亡病例9例,年均死亡率0.16/10万。重症141例,占发病总数的1.29%。6岁以下幼托儿童、散居儿童为主要的发病人群,男女性别比为1.60:1。共发生聚集性疫情157起。共检测466份病例标本,2011年以其它肠道病毒为主,2009年、2010年、2012年均以EV 71为主。结论汉中市手足口病发病在年龄、性别、职业人群、季节有明显的差异,流行毒株以EV 71为主,其次为其它肠道病毒。因此,做好重点地区、重点人群、重点时段的防控工作,加强对手足口病病原种类的鉴定和检测,及时掌握并发现病毒的变异及致病力的改变,为科学防控提供行之有效的依据。
Objective To grasp the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Hanzhong city and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control work in the future. Methods According to the national infectious disease reporting information management system, the basic information system, the epidemiological investigation of severe / death cases of hand-foot-mouth disease and the pathogen test results of hand-foot-mouth disease, the incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in 11 districts and counties in Hanzhong city from 2008 to 2012 was analyzed. Relevant data were collected and collected, with EXCEL software for input and data statistics, descriptive analysis of epidemiological characteristics and etiological test results. Results A total of 10 938 cases were reported in 2008-2012, with an average annual incidence of 286.82 / 100 000. The peak incidence was from April to July and the next peak was from November to December. Nine cases of cumulative deaths, the average annual mortality rate 0.16 / 100,000. Severe 141 cases, accounting for 1.29% of the total incidence. Children under 6 years of age, scattered children as the main incidence of the crowd, male to female ratio was 1.60: 1. A total of 157 cases of aggregate epidemic. A total of 466 cases were detected, with other enteroviruses in 2011 and EV71 in 2009, 2010 and 2012 respectively. Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Hanzhong City is obviously different in age, sex, occupational population and season. The epidemic strains are mainly EV 71, followed by other enteroviruses. Therefore, the prevention and control work in key areas, key populations and key periods should be done to strengthen the identification and detection of the pathogen types of hand-foot-mouth disease, to grasp and discover the variation of virus and pathogenicity in time, and provide scientific control and prevention Effective basis.