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南方冬麦区范围辽阔,包括长江中下游冲积平原,淮南平原和丘陵,江南平原和丘陵,汉水流域,云贵中北部,四川盆地,陕西汉中盆地和金沙江下游广大地区。本区气候温和,雨水充沛,年平均气温15～17℃,1月份平均气温2～7℃,年降水量约800～1500毫米,基本适合小麦生长。但小麦生育期间的降水量分布不匀,长江上游地区冬春干旱,下游及华南地区春后多雨,并且4月下旬到5月份温度上升快,昼夜温差小,影响小麦籽粒灌浆。
The area of southern winter wheat is vast, including alluvial plains, Huainan plains and hills, southern plains and hills, Han River basin, central and northern Yunnan-Guizhou region, Sichuan Basin, Hanzhong Basin in Shaanxi and vast areas in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River. The climate in this area is mild with abundant rainfall. The annual average temperature is 15-17 ℃. The average temperature in January is 2-7 ℃. The annual precipitation is about 800-1,500 mm, which is basically suitable for wheat growth. However, the precipitation during wheat growth was unevenly distributed. The winter and spring droughts in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the rainy days in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the rainy season in southern China increased rapidly from late April to May. The temperature difference between day and night was small, which affected wheat grain filling.