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采用微波法,通过一系列单因素试验,研究了时间、微波功率、温度和pH对球等鞭金藻胞外多糖提取的影响。在此基础上,利用正交试验进一步优化胞外多糖的微波提取工艺。最后,比较微波提取法和热水浸提法制备的球等鞭金藻胞外多糖样品的红外光谱,并测定样品中蛋白质和多糖含量。单因素结果表明,微波功率、温度和pH均能显著影响球等鞭金藻胞外多糖的提取。正交试验结果表明,微波法提取球等鞭金藻胞外多糖的适宜微波功率、温度和pH依次为500W、75℃和6。微波提取法和热水浸提法制备的多糖产率分别为64.7mg/g和41.7mg/g。其中,前者蛋白质和多糖含量分别为0.48%和32.7%,后者中蛋白质和多糖含量依次为1.86%和22.1%。综上所述,在球等鞭金藻多糖提取过程中,微波法明显优于热水浸提法。红外光谱测定表明,胞外多糖和胞内多糖在结构上存在某些相似性,即均含有酰氨基,且都含有以半乳糖为构架的分子模式;二者在结构上还存在明显差异,即前者不含硫酸基,也不存在β-吡喃环结构。
The effects of time, microwave power, temperature and pH on the extraction of extracellular polysaccharide from Isochrysis galbana were studied by microwave method and a series of single factor experiments. On this basis, the orthogonal experiment was used to further optimize the microwave extraction process of exopolysaccharide. At last, the infrared spectra of polysaccharide extracellular polysaccharides from Isochrysis galbana prepared by microwave extraction and hot water extraction were compared, and the content of protein and polysaccharide in samples was determined. Single factor results showed that microwave power, temperature and pH could significantly affect the extracellular polysaccharide extraction of Isochrysis galbana. The results of orthogonal experiment showed that the optimum microwave power, temperature and pH for microwave extraction of extracellular polysaccharide from Isochrysis galbana were 500W, 75 ℃ and 6. The yield of polysaccharides prepared by microwave extraction and hot water extraction were 64.7 mg / g and 41.7 mg / g, respectively. Among them, the former protein and polysaccharide content were 0.48% and 32.7%, the latter in protein and polysaccharide content were 1.86% and 22.1%. To sum up, during the process of extraction of polysaccharide from Isochrysis galbana, the microwave method is obviously superior to hot water extraction method. Infrared spectroscopy showed that there are some structural similarities between exopolysaccharide and intracellular polysaccharide, that is, both contain amido groups, and both contain galactose as the framework molecular pattern; there are still significant differences in structure between the two The former does not contain sulfate group, nor β-pyran ring structure.