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为解决被动微波遥感反演土壤水分问题,通过C、KU两个波段微波辐射计对不同水分的裸露地表的土壤微波辐射特性进行实验研究,分析土壤湿度与土壤的微波发射率之间的定量关系,建立了土壤湿度与微波发射率的经验模型.研究结果表明:在土壤表面平整时,土壤湿度与土壤微波发射率呈线性负相关,即随着土壤湿度的增加,土壤微波发射率线性下降.在入射角为30°~50°范围内,无论是垂直还是水平极化,30°入射角时微波对土壤测湿灵敏度最大,表明在入射角30°的水平极化下微波反演土壤水分的效果最好.
In order to solve the problem of soil moisture retrieval by passive microwave remote sensing, the microwave radiation characteristics of bare soil surface with different moisture were studied by C and KU microwave radiometers. The quantitative relationship between soil moisture and soil microwave emissivity , An empirical model of soil moisture and microwave emissivity was established.The results show that there is a linear negative correlation between soil moisture and soil microwave emissivity when the soil surface is flat, that is, the soil microwave emissivity decreases linearly with the increase of soil moisture. When the angle of incidence is between 30 ° and 50 °, the sensitivity of microwave to soil moisture is the highest at either 30 ° or 30 ° incident angle, indicating that microwave inversion of soil moisture at a horizontal polarization angle of 30 ° best effect.