论文部分内容阅读
目的了解涪陵区小学生视力状况,分析造成小学生视力不良的原因,为进一步提出预防小学生视力不良的策略提供依据和参考。方法对2011-2015年全区所有小学生的视力检查结果进行统计分析。结果 2011-2015年全区小学生视力不良检出率分别为24.7%、23.7%、24.0%、29.7%和30.6%,5年视力不良检出率比较差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=814.6,P<0.05);男生视力不良检出率低于女生(男生为24.6%、女生为27.4%),两者比较差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=203.6,P<0.05);城区小学生、非城区(乡镇、农村)小学生不良视力检出率分别为38.0%、16.6%,城区小学生不良视力检出率高于非城区小学生(χ~2=12 014.9,P<0.05);低年级组(小学一、二、三年级)、高年级组(小学四、五、六年级)小学生不良视力检出率分别为22.4%、30.3%,高年级组小学生不良视力检出率高于低年级组小学生(χ~2=1 633.7,P<0.05);在所检出的不良视力小学生中轻度视力不良、中度视力不良、重度视力不良所占比例分别为46.1%、32.9%和21.0%。结论涪陵区小学生不良视力检出率高且其比例随着时间逐渐增加,家长、学校及相关部门应加强对小学生如何健康用眼、预防近视等知识的宣传和教育。
Objective To understand the status of primary school students ’eyesight in Fuling and to analyze the causes of poor eyesight among primary school students, so as to provide the basis and reference for further prevention of primary school students’ vision problems. Methods The results of visual acuity examinations of all pupils in the region from 2011 to 2015 were statistically analyzed. Results The detection rates of poor eyesight were 24.7%, 23.7%, 24.0%, 29.7% and 30.6% respectively in 2011-2015. There was significant difference in the incidence of poor eyesight in 5 years (χ ~ 2 = 814.6, P <0.05). The detection rate of poor eyesight in boys was lower than that of girls (24.6% for boys and 27.4% for girls), the differences were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 203.6, P <0.05) The prevalence of unhealthy visual acuity among primary school students in urban areas (townships and rural areas) was 38.0% and 16.6%, respectively. The prevalence of unhealthy vision among urban pupils was higher than that of non-urban pupils (χ ~ 2 = 12 014.9, P <0.05) Grade one, grade two (grade one, grade two, grade three), and the prevalence of unhealthy vision among pupils in senior grades (grades four, five and six) were 22.4% and 30.3% respectively. χ ~ 2 = 1 633.7, P <0.05). The percentage of mild poor eyesight, moderate poor eyesight and severe eyesight were 46.1%, 32.9% and 21.0% respectively in the children with poor visual acuity. Conclusion Fuling pupils with poor visual acuity detection rate is high and its proportion gradually increased over time, parents, schools and relevant departments should strengthen the primary school students how to use the eye, prevention of myopia and other knowledge of publicity and education.