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本文通过七炉试验钢研究了硼、钼、钨、钒和钛等元素对102钢持久强度、伸长率和组织稳定性的影响。试验钢经正火加回火热处理后,在620℃下进行了持久强度试验。用金相显微镜和透射电镜观察钢的显微组织和碳化物形貌的二次电子像。并对电解沉淀相进行X射线衍射相分析和化学定量分析。结果得出,含0.0042％B钢比无硼钢持久强度提高约10％。当硼含量增至0.011％时,其持久强度反而比0.0042％B钢降低约7.7％。不含钼、钨主要靠钒-钛复合时效强化钢,其持久强度可达7.1～7.5kg/mm~2。当加入正常含量钼、钨元素后,在平衡碳量接近的情况下,使持久强度提高约2kg/mm~2,即约提高20％。这就进一步说明,沉淀强化是102钢的首要强化机制。
In this paper, the effects of boron, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium and titanium on the tenacity, elongation and microstructure stability of 102 steel were studied by seven furnaces. Test steel after normalizing and tempering heat treatment at 620 ℃ for a long-term strength test. The secondary electron images of the microstructure and the carbide morphology of the steel were observed with a metallographic microscope and a transmission electron microscope. The precipitates were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and chemical quantitative analysis. As a result, the durable strength of steel containing 0.0042% or more than that of boron-free steel was improved by about 10%. When the content of boron increased to 0.011%, the durable strength of steel decreased by 7.7% compared with that of 0.0042% B steel. Without molybdenum, tungsten mainly by vanadium - titanium composite aging-enhanced steel, the lasting strength of up to 7.1 ~ 7.5kg / mm ~ 2. When the normal content of molybdenum and tungsten is added, the lasting strength is increased by about 2 kg / mm ~ 2, that is about 20%, when the equilibrium carbon content is close to one. This further shows that precipitation hardening is the primary strengthening mechanism of 102 steel.