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以初始体质量约35g的异育银鲫(Allogynogenetic silver crucian carp)(Carassius auratus gibelio♀×Cyprinus carpio♂)为研究对象,以鱼粉为对照饲料,研究了摄食含30%豆粕饲料8周后的生长性能及实验前(0周)、3周和8周后肠道显微结构的变化。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,30%豆粕显著降低鲫鱼的增重率和特定生长率(P<0.05);2)组织切片显示:摄食30%豆粕3周后鲫鱼前、中、后肠较0周时黏膜皱襞受损,边缘糜烂,出现缺刻,皱襞间质变宽且有大量淋巴细胞浸润,黏膜上皮细胞核排列紊乱,肌层明显变薄;3)扫描电镜显示:较0周时前肠和后肠黏膜皱襞间距明显变宽,黏膜皱襞间可见脱落组织,中肠黏膜皱襞间距未见明显变化,但黏膜上皮结构糜烂。8周后肠道受损症状却有所减轻。上述结果表明,异育银鲫对豆粕中致敏因子比较敏感,但随着作用时间延长可产生一定的适应性。本研究旨在为异育银鲫人工饲料配方的优化提供科学依据。
With the initial weight of about 35g of Allogynogenetic silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio♀ × Cyprinus carpio♂) as the research object and the fishmeal as the control feed, the growth of the diet fed with 30% soybean meal diet for 8 weeks was studied Performance and pre-experimental (0 weeks), 3 weeks and 8 weeks after intestinal microstructure changes. The results showed that: 1) Compared with the control group, 30% soybean meal significantly reduced the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of crucian carp (P <0.05); 2) Tissue sections showed that: Mucosal folds were impaired in the intestine at the 0th week, marginal erosions occurred, nicks were found, the interstitial space of the pterygium was broadened and a large number of lymphocytes were infiltrated, the mucosal epithelial cells were disordered and the muscular layer became thinner; 3) Foregut and hindgut mucosa folds significantly wider spacing between mucosal folds can be seen shedding, mucosal folds in the midgut no significant change in spacing, but mucosal epithelial structure erosion. Symptoms of bowel damage were lessened after 8 weeks. The above results show that allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) is sensitive to the sensitizing factor in soybean meal, but it can produce some adaptability with the prolongation of action time. The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific basis for the optimization of the formula of artificial diet for allogynogenetic crucian carp.