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国有企业转化为股份制企业,主要是解决股权分散化的问题。围绕着解决这个问题,现在社会上有几种不同的思路。(1)股权分散给个人,发展全民持股。其要点是:把现有的国有资产折股,按照一定规则,以股票形式分配给全体公民,用这个办法解决全民所有制的实际所有者“缺位”的问题。这种思路可以明确产权归属,把“虚置”的全民所有,变为实际上的全民“持股”,但这种思路的问题是:从理论上说,全民持股实际上是由公有制变成了私有制;从操作上说,把国有企业的资产量化到全民个人,
The transformation of state-owned enterprises into joint-stock enterprises is mainly to solve the problem of decentralized ownership. There are several different ideas in the community around this issue. (1) Equity distribution to individuals, development of national ownership. The main points are: To convert the existing state-owned assets into shares and distribute them to all citizens in the form of stocks in accordance with certain rules, and use this method to solve the problem of the absence of the actual owner of the ownership of the entire people. This line of thinking can clarify the ownership of property and change the “empty” ownership of the entire people into practical “shareholdings” for the entire people. However, the problem with this line of thinking is that, theoretically, the ownership of the entire population is actually a change of public ownership. Became a private ownership system; operationally speaking, it quantified the assets of state-owned enterprises to all individuals,