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目的分析2009-2014年保定市手足口病流行特征,查找高发原因,为制定手足口病防控措施提供科学依据。方法对保定市2009-2014年以来的手足口病疫情流行趋势及病原学检测结果进行描述性分析。结果 2009-2014年保定市报告手足口病病例分别为13 059例、15 788例、12 017例、14 648例、12 816例、17 315例,以一年低一年高的方式循环,发病率呈现类似趋势。病例主要集中在中东部地区,流行高峰集中在4~8月,2014年11月出现翘尾。发病人群以5岁及以下幼儿为主,职业以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主。保定市手足口病的主要病原体从以往的EV71占绝对优势,转变为近几年的EV 71与Cox A16或其他肠道病毒构成比相当的流行态势,2014年Cox A16增高幅度最大。重症病例减少显著,病原构成以EV 71为主,达81.17%。结论保定市手足口病近几年一直保持高发态势,主导毒株交替出现。应加强流行病学及病原学监测,同时做好4~8月中东部散居儿童和幼托儿童的手足口病防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Baoding city from 2009 to 2014, find out the causes of HFMD, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of HFMD. Methods Descriptive analysis of epidemic trend of HFMD and the results of pathogen detection in Baoding from 2009 to 2014 were carried out. Results A total of 13 059 cases, 15 788 cases, 12 017 cases, 14 648 cases, 12 816 cases and 17 315 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Baoding City in 2009-2014. Rate showed a similar trend. The cases mainly concentrated in the central and eastern regions, the epidemic peak concentrated in April to August, in November 2014 there is a tail. The incidence of the group of children aged 5 and under dominated the occupation to diaspora and kindergarten children. The main pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Baoding changed from the former EV71 to the predominance and transformed into the epidemic trend of EV 71 and Cox A16 or other enterovirus in recent years. In 2014, the increase of Cox A16 was the largest. Severe cases decreased significantly, with EV71-based pathogens, reaching 81.17%. Conclusion Hand, foot and mouth disease in Baoding City has been maintaining a high momentum in recent years, leading to the emergence of alternate strains. Epidemiological and etiological monitoring should be strengthened and hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control of diaspora and kindergarten children in central and eastern China from April to August should be well done.