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退耕还林还草工程是我国为改善西部地区恶化的生态环境、改善农民生活而采取的一项空前的重大举措。文中以华池县为例,采用实地调查和数据分析的方法,分析华池县主要的退耕还林还草政策及其实施情况。研究表明:退耕实施后农民的种地积极性提高了,收入有了显著的增加,同时带动了林业、草业的发展,促进了农村剩余劳动力向二、三产业转移,但同时退耕过程中仍存在一些问题,如退耕政策只注重补偿,忽视了提高农民的自我发展能力;剩余劳动力转移相对滞后,农业科技投入不足,并根据上述存在问题,提出了延长补助期限,促进后续产业发展、提高农民自我发展能力的建议,进一步完善退耕还林还草政策,促进农民增收,提高农民生活水平。
The Project of Returning Farmland to Forest and Grassland is an unprecedented major move taken by our country to improve the deteriorating ecological environment in the western region and improve the peasants’ life. Taking Huachi County as an example, this paper analyzes the main policy of returning farmland to forest and grassland and its implementation in Huachi County by field investigation and data analysis. The research shows that after the implementation of the program, the enthusiasm of the peasants to cultivate their land has been improved and the income has increased remarkably. At the same time, the development of forestry and grass industry has been promoted and the transfer of rural surplus labor to the secondary and tertiary industries has been promoted. However, Some problems, such as returning farmland policies only focus on compensation, neglect to improve farmers ’ability to self-development; the transfer of surplus labor is lagging behind, lack of investment in agricultural science and technology, and based on the above problems, proposed to extend the subsidy period to promote follow-up industrial development and improve farmers’ self Development of capacity to further improve the policy of returning farmland to forest and grassland, increase farmers ’income, and improve farmers’ living standards.