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目的:分析住院患者的医院感染临床特点,探讨其发生原因、危险因素,找出预防和控制医院感染的对策。方法:采取前瞻性与回顾性调查相结合的方法,对2008年1月～2011年12月的179 799例住院患者的临床资料进行总结分析。结果:发生医院感染5 364例次,医院感染例次率2.98%;感染部位以呼吸道感染占首位;医院感染的主要病原菌以鲍氏不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌等革兰阴性菌为主。结论:加强医院感染管理及感染源的监测,分析医院感染危险因素,及早采取干预措施,是预防与控制医院感染发生的重要手段。
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with nosocomial infection, explore its causes and risk factors, and find out the countermeasures to prevent and control nosocomial infections. Methods: A prospective and retrospective study was conducted to summarize the clinical data of 179 799 inpatients from January 2008 to December 2011. Results: There were 5 364 nosocomial infections and 2.98% nosocomial infections. The most common respiratory infections were nosocomial infections. The main pathogens in hospital were Gram-negative bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. . Conclusion: To strengthen the management of nosocomial infection and the monitoring of the source of infection, to analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infection and to take intervention as soon as possible is an important means to prevent and control nosocomial infections.