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审美是一个哲学问题,指人们对美的认识和感知。“美”是什么?许慎《说文解字》曰:“美,甘也,从羊,从大……羊大则美”1,这显然是从感官层面对美的定义,肥硕的羊只代表着丰饶和佳肴,会给人带来心理上的舒适和快乐,所以“美”更多是用来指使人产生愉快的事物、对象。2但在不同时代、不同地区,人们对美的感受各不相同,美的标准总是发生变化的。从历史上看,中国人的审美观念有着鲜明的阶段特征,蕴含着当时的社会精神,并浸透在遗留下来的文物中。
Aesthetics is a philosophical problem, which means people’s cognition and perception of beauty. Xu Shen “Shuo Wen Jie Zi” said: “Beauty, sweet also, from the sheep, from the big ... the sheep is the United States” 1, which is clearly the senses from the definition of the United States, Plump sheep represents richness and delicacy, will bring people the psychological comfort and happiness, so “beauty ” is more used to mean that people produce pleasant things, objects. 2 However, people in different times and in different regions have different feelings about beauty and their standards of beauty are always changing. Historically, the aesthetic conception of the Chinese has a distinctive stage feature, which embodies the social spirit of the time and dwells on the remains of heritage.