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近年来,西方史学界建立了不少新的历史学分支学科,如劳工史、妇女史、黑人史、政治史、宗教史、经济史、外交史、思想史、科学史等。但是在如何区别这些学科的定义和作用问题上看法却不尽一致,而且都是从各自的研究兴趣出发来阐述这些分支学科,有的甚至纯粹是为了教学才确立某一门学科。至于在研究领域、课题和研究方法上更是五花八门,不断提出一些新的观点。英国《今日历史》杂志最近组织了一些英美史学家就这十几门分支学科,以论坛形式发表了一组文章,每期集中讨论一个分支新学科。本刊选译其中一些文章,以飨读者。
In recent years, the western historians have established many new disciplines of history, such as labor history, women’s history, black history, political history, religious history, economic history, diplomatic history, intellectual history, and history of science. However, there are different views on how to distinguish the definition and function of these disciplines, and all of them are based on their own research interests to explain these branches of discipline. Some even establish a discipline only for teaching purposes. As for the field of research, topics and research methods are more varied, and constantly put forward some new ideas. British History Today magazine recently organized a number of Anglo-American historians on a dozen branch disciplines and published a series of articles in the form of forums, each focusing on a branch of a new discipline. Selected publications of some of these articles to readers.