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首先从金融服务可获得性、使用效用性、可持续性和创新性4个维度设计了金融包容性发展的评价指标体系,并计算和比较了2005-2015年中国31个省市的金融包容性发展综合指数及其区域差异,在此基础上实证研究了金融包容性发展对城乡居民收入增长及城乡收入差距的影响效应。研究结果表明:中国金融包容性发展水平整体偏低,且呈现出“先升后降”的变化趋势,金融服务可获得性对综合指数的贡献最大;中国金融包容性发展存在巨大的区域间差异和区域内差异,东部地区明显高于中西部地区,同一区域内金融包容性发展综合指数处于中间水平的省份变动相对较大;金融包容性发展有助于促进城乡居民收入增长和缩小城乡居民收入差距。
Firstly, the paper evaluates the evaluation index system of financial inclusive development from the four dimensions of financial service availability, usability, sustainability and innovation, and calculates and compares the financial inclusiveness of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2005 to 2015 The development of composite index and its regional differences, on the basis of this empirical study of the impact of financial inclusive development on urban and rural income growth and urban-rural income disparity effect. The results show that: the overall level of financial inclusive development in China is generally low and shows a trend of “rising first and then decreasing”; financial service availability contributes the most to the composite index; and there is a huge area for China’s financial inclusive development The difference between regions and the difference among regions, the eastern region is obviously higher than the central and western regions, and the provinces with intermediate financial inclusive development index in the same region have relatively large changes; the financial inclusive development helps to increase the income growth of urban and rural residents and narrow the urban- Resident income gap.