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在水平轴风力机叶尖添加结构合适的小翼,可以改变风轮表面的压力分布,提高功率输出,并调整风轮的动频曲线走势,改善其结构动态特性。本文提出S型叶尖小翼结构形式,采用5因素5水平的正交实验方法,找到在不同尖速比下均具有较好功率放大效果的最优叶尖小翼结构。采用轴编码器定位周期采样技术,在直流式低速风洞开口段对动态旋转风力机添加最优S型小翼和不添加小翼时的近尾迹流动进行了对比PIV测试。结果表明,结构合适的S型叶尖小翼可以打散从风轮叶尖脱落的叶尖涡结构,在测试方位面内形成多个涡量集中区域,而且使叶尖涡内高涡量区域减小,降低叶尖涡的强度,改善风轮的空气动力学特性,提高风轮的功率系数。
Addition of small winglets with appropriate structure on the tip of the horizontal axis wind turbine can change the pressure distribution on the rotor surface, increase the power output, and adjust the dynamic frequency curve trend of the rotor to improve its structural dynamic characteristics. In this paper, the structure of S-shaped tip winglets is proposed, and the optimal 5-factor-5 orthogonal experiment method is used to find the optimal tip-winglex structure with better power amplification effect under different tip-speed ratios. The PIV test was carried out by using the axial encoder positioning cycle sampling technique at the opening of the low-speed direct-flow wind tunnel with the optimal S-shaped winglets added to the dynamic wind turbine and the near-wake flow without the addition of winglets. The results show that the S-shaped tip winglets with suitable structure can break the tip vortex structures that fall off from the tips of the rotor blades and form a plurality of vorticity concentrated areas in the test azimuth, Reduce and reduce the strength of the tip vortex, improve the aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine and improve the power factor of the wind turbine.