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目的 明确心脏类房室结组织传导相关的组织学特点，检测其缝隙连接蛋白和离子通道的表达情况，阐述其潜在的电生理意义。方法 对SD大鼠（n=6）的房室结区行连续切片。Masson染色用于显示纤维组织。对影响心脏传导速度的电紧张以及动作电位两个水平的主要蛋白〔缝隙连接蛋白(Cx)43,Cx40,Cx45和离子通道蛋白Nav1.5，Cav3.1，HCN4〕行免疫荧光标记。结果 Masson染色免疫荧光标记显示，后主动脉结、房室结下延伸和致密房室结Cx45、Cav3.1、HCN4表达阳性，Cx43、Cx40表达阴性，Nav1.5表达量显著低于心房（P<0.01）,三者之间Nav1.5表达无组间差异。结论 后主动脉结与房室结下延伸以及致密房室结在电紧张水平和动作电位水平的蛋白表达特点相同。后主动脉结可能和房室结下延伸类似，表现为相同的慢传导特征，可能作为潜在起搏点和某些心律失常的起源点。
Objective To clarify the histological characteristics of cardiac atrioventricular nodal tissue conduction and to detect the expression of connexin and ion channels in connective tissue and to elucidate its potential electrophysiological significance. Methods Serial sections of atrioventricular node of SD rats (n = 6) were performed. Masson staining is used to visualize fibrous tissue. The major proteins (Cx43, Cx40, Cx45, and ion channel proteins Nav1.5, Cav3.1, HCN4), which are two levels of electrical stress affecting cardiac conduction velocity and action potential, were immunofluorescently labeled. Results The results of Masson staining showed that the expression of Cx45, Cav3.1 and HCN4 in the posterior aortic node, atrioventricular node and atrioventricular node was negative, the expression of Cx43 and Cx40 was negative, the expression of Nav1.5 was significantly lower than that of atrial (P & lt; ; 0.01). There was no difference between the three groups in the expression of Nav1.5. Conclusions Aortic knot and atrioventricular nodal extension and dense atrioventricular node at the level of electrical stress and action potential protein expression characteristics of the same. The posterior aortic knot may be similar to atrioventricular nodal extension, exhibiting the same slow conduction characteristics that may serve as a point of origin for potential pacemakers and certain arrhythmias.