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选择适当的刀具材料和合理的加工条件，是双轴数控立式车床实现火车车轮经济高效加工的关键之一，首要问题是建立加工条件下的刀具耐用度模型。本文根据车轮生产现场实际情况，首先提出一种多次端面快速刀具耐用度试验方法，通过适当安排试验因子和利用最小二乘法原理，推导出一系列数据处理公式；然后利用生产现场采集与处理数据，建立了多种涂层硬质合金加工火车车轮的刀具耐用度模型。最后，根据试验建立的刀具耐用度模型，对几种进口的涂层硬质合金刀具和两种国产硬质合金刀具的切削性能进行了比较。试验结果证明该方法具有贴合实际、准确可靠、经济实用、不影响生产等特点，为合理选择刀具和优化加工用量提供了理论依据。
Select the appropriate tool material and reasonable processing conditions, is a biaxial CNC vertical lathe to achieve economical and efficient processing of train wheels one of the key issues, the first issue is to establish the processing tool life under the model. In this paper, according to the actual situation of the wheel production site, first of all, a multi-end face fast tool durability test method is proposed. Through a proper arrangement of test factors and the use of least square method, a series of data processing formulas are derived. Then the data are collected and processed by the production site , Established a variety of coated hard alloy wheels machining tool durability model. Finally, the cutting performance of several imported coated cemented carbide tools and two kinds of domestic cemented carbide tools were compared according to the tool durability model established in the experiment. The test results show that the method has the characteristics of practical, accurate, reliable, economical and practical, does not affect the production, and provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable selection of tools and optimization of processing dosage.