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1992年3月我们在乌鲁木齐县板房沟乡进行了一次包虫病流行病学调查,采用 X 线、B 超体检和测定血清抗体的方法(ELISA)对当地580名居民进行检查,发现包囊携带者20人,患病率为3.45%(20/580)。ELISA 检测抗体阳性151人、阳性率为26.77%(151/564)。用氢溴酸槟榔碱泻下法检查了32条狗,28条狗有反应,其中8条狗体内检到细粒棘球绦虫,感染率为28.57%,提示当地包虫病流行严重。不同年龄组人群比较,发现儿童病例最多(5～14岁年龄组7例病人),B 超观察发现儿童体内寄生的包囊均具有包虫的典型影像特征,表明儿童体内寄生的细粒棘球蚴处于十分活跃时期。作者认为在农牧区儿童是主要的高危人群,应在儿童中做好健康教育,普及预防包虫病的基本知识是十分必要的。调查中发现的病例几乎没有自觉症状,提示病人绝大部分是早期病例。同时对居民的某些行为也进行了调查,接受调查的人中71.5%人回答家中有犬,主要用于护院(88.95%),几乎不栓养。询问是否有家庭屠宰的行为,82.24%的回答是肯定的。60.93%的人回答将牲畜病变脏器乱扔,35.79%的人回答将牲畜病变脏器喂狗,只有2.46%的回答将病变脏器深埋处理。人们的不当行为造成了当地包虫病的严重流行。作者认为与板房沟相似的地区是北疆地区包虫病高发区,应加强此类地区的防治工作。本文还对当地包虫病流行现状和一些可能的原因进行了讨论。
In March 1992, we conducted an epidemiological investigation of hydatid disease in Banfanggou Township, Urumqi, and examined 580 local residents using X-ray, B-ultrasound and serum antibody testing (ELISA) and found that cysts Carriers 20 people, the prevalence was 3.45% (20/580). There were 151 positive antibodies detected by ELISA, the positive rate was 26.77% (151/564). With betel nut alkaline hydrobromide method to check the 32 dogs, 28 dogs have reaction, of which 8 dogs were detected Echinococcus granulosus, the infection rate was 28.57%, suggesting that the local echinococcosis epidemic. Children in different age groups found that the most cases of children (5 to 14 age group of 7 patients), B-ultrasound found that the parasitic cysts in children with typical characteristics of hydatid, indicating that children with parasitic Echinacea Echinococcus in a very active period. The author believes that children in farming and pastoral areas are the major high-risk groups. Health education among children should be well done and it is very necessary to popularize the basic knowledge of preventing echinococcosis. Cases found in the survey almost no symptoms, suggesting that the vast majority of patients are early cases. At the same time, some behaviors of residents were also investigated. Among the surveyed people, 71.5% of the respondents answered that there are dogs at home, which are mainly used for nursing homes (88.95%), and almost no breeding. Asked whether there was family slaughter behavior, 82.24% of the answer is affirmative. 60.93% of the respondents said that livestock organs were littered, and 35.79% of them answered feeding diseased organs to dogs. Only 2.46% of the respondents buried the diseased organs. Human misconduct has caused a serious epidemic of hydatid disease in the area. The author thinks that similar to Banfanggou is the high incidence area of echinococcosis in northern Xinjiang, and the prevention and control of such areas should be strengthened. This article also discusses the current status of hydatid disease in the area and some possible causes.