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童话,顾名思义是专门为儿童写作的一种特殊文学作品。小学语文教材中的童话是占了很大比重的,据不完全统计,在一至十册课本中,童话就多达三十几篇。编入语文教材的童话是多种多样的。从来源分,有根据民间传说加以整理的民间童话,如《神笔马良》;有根据各民族流传的故事加以整理的民族童话,如《一幅壮锦》;也有完全由个人创作的文学童话,如彭文席同志写的《小马过河》。从童话的角色区别,有超人体(描写一些超自然的人或物),如《森林爷爷》,《神笔马良》;拟人体(描写一些人格化的有生物或无生物),如《美丽的公鸡》、《小青石》;常人体(只描写一些普通人的活动),如《卖火柴的小女孩》等。从童话的内容和形式区别,无论是文学童话或者是科学童话,又都有童话故事、童话诗等多种形式。
Fairy tales, as their name implies, are special literary works specifically written for children. Fairy tales in primary school textbooks account for a large proportion. According to incomplete statistics, there are as many as thirty fairy tales in one to ten textbooks. The fairy tales incorporated into Chinese textbooks are varied. From sources, there are folk fairy tales that are organized according to folklore, such as “Magical Pen”, national fairy tales that are arranged according to the stories spread by various ethnic groups, such as “A Magnificent Bride.” There are literary fairy tales entirely composed of individuals , Such as “pony crossing the river” written by Comrade Peng Wensi. From the role of fairy tale distinction, there are superhuman body (describing some supernatural people or things), such as “forest grandfather”, “god pen Ma Liang”; anthropomorphic (description of some of the personified creatures or no creatures), such as “beautiful cock ”,“ Small bluestone ”; often human body (only describe some ordinary people's activities), such as“ selling matches of the little girl ”and so on. Differing from the content and form of fairy tales, both literary fairy tales and scientific fairy tales have their fairy tales and fairy tales and other forms.