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1．07亿人口和1．5万亿国内生产总值使东北成为一个巨大的市场。以购买力平价(PPP)计,中国东北的市场规模几乎相当于波兰、泰国或者土耳其的两倍。其他关键优势还包括:教育和培训良好的劳动力,矿藏、肥沃的土地、相对优良的运输和基础设施、近海岸以及现代化港口。为解决东北发展滞后的问题,国务院 2003年10月出台了振兴东北和其他老工业基地的计划。但是迄今为止,振兴东北计划似乎更多地强调持续的政府引导。例如,指定“支柱”产业和重点企业,为发展原材料基地和装备制造基地提供资金,直接参与扶持中小企业的融资和业务服务等。50年来的政府干预已经使东北经济有些缺乏活力。与东南部对比的经验教训似乎很明显:减少政府直接干预,更加强调适当公私合作方式支持下的市场引导的投资,将有益于东北地区的发展。
107 million people and 1.5 trillion gross domestic product make Northeast a huge market. In terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), the market in northeastern China is almost twice the size of Poland, Thailand or Turkey. Other key benefits include: educating and training a good workforce, mineral resources, fertile land, relatively good transport and infrastructure, offshore areas and modern ports. In order to solve the problem of lagging development in Northeast China, the State Council introduced in October 2003 a plan to rejuvenate the northeast and other old industrial bases. But so far, the plan to rejuvenate the northeast seems to place more emphasis on sustained government guidance. For example, designated “pillar industries” and key enterprises to provide funds for the development of raw material bases and equipment manufacturing bases and for direct participation in financing and business services for SMEs. The 50-year government intervention has left the northeast economy somewhat less viable. The lessons to be compared with the Southeast seem to be obvious: Reducing government direct interventions and placing more emphasis on market-guided investments backed by proper public-private partnerships will benefit the development of the Northeast.