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目的了解梅州市麻疹流行特点,为今后制定麻疹控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对梅州市2004—2008年麻疹疫情资料进行流行病学分析。结果梅州市2004—2008年共报告麻疹429例,年均发病率为2.14/10万,每年均报告有麻疹疫情;病例数和暴发疫情主要集中在五华、兴宁、平远3个县,以局部暴发为主,且病例相对地方集中,麻疹疫情高峰在3—5月,占该时期病例总数的51.05%;8月龄～14岁的病例占病例总数的69.93%。结论实施计划免疫对控制麻疹疫情效果显著,应进一步加强对免疫规划工作薄弱地区、薄弱人群的预防接种工作,进一步完善麻疹疫情的监测和报告。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of measles in Meizhou and provide a scientific basis for formulating measles control strategies in the future. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of measles in Meizhou from 2004 to 2008. Results A total of 429 measles cases were reported in Meizhou from 2004 to 2008, with an average annual incidence rate of 2.14 per 100 000. An outbreak of measles was reported every year. The number of cases and outbreaks were mainly in Wuhua, Xingning and Pingyuan counties, The majority of cases were local outbreaks and the cases were relatively concentrated. The measles outbreak peaked from March to May, accounting for 51.05% of the total number of cases in this period. The cases ranging from 8 months to 14 years old accounted for 69.93% of the total cases. Conclusion The implementation of the planned immunization has significant effects on the control of measles epidemics. Vaccination should be further strengthened in areas with weak immunization programs and in vulnerable groups to further improve the monitoring and reporting of measles epidemics.