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目的分析重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染的发生率及危险因素,探讨预防措施,减少ICU医院感染的发生。方法采取目标性监测方法,对2008年9月-2009年3月ICU收治的1262例患者发生医院感染情况进行调查。结果 1262例患者中发生医院感染92例次,例次感染率为7.29%,日感染率为39.4‰,日感染率调整率为11.29‰;感染部位以肺部为主,占67.39%;分离的病原菌主要为金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌及肺炎克雷伯菌,分别占20.76%、15.23%及12.46%。结论 ICU医院感染以肺部为主,病原菌以金黄色葡萄球菌为主;应加强病区消毒隔离制度,严格无菌技术操作,加强气道管理,合理应用抗菌药物,为患者提供营养支持,从而有效减少医院感染的发生。
Objective To analyze the incidence and risk factors of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit (ICU) and to explore preventive measures to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in ICU. Methods A targeted surveillance method was used to investigate the incidence of nosocomial infections in 1262 patients admitted to the ICU from September 2008 to March 2009. Results Among the 1262 patients, 92 cases were hospitalized with nosocomial infection rate of 7.29%, the daily infection rate was 39.4 ‰ and the daily infection rate was adjusted to 11.29 ‰. The main pulmonary infection was 67.39% The main pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounting for 20.76%, 15.23% and 12.46% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The infection in the ICU is mainly in the lung and the main pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus. The disinfection and isolation of the ward should be strengthened, strict aseptic techniques should be strengthened, airway management should be strengthened, antimicrobial drugs should be rationally applied and nutrition support should be provided to patients Effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.