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近20年来,不少国家曾致力于探索一些产量高、成本低、节约劳动力的生产混凝土梁板的新工艺、新机具。60年代初期,加拿大首先生产了“斯派洛”牌混凝土空心板挤压机。它以工艺简单、工效高、产品质量好、节约能源和原材料、降低成本和劳动强度的优势,在国际建筑业中享有盛名。70年代,江苏省建筑科学研究所与中国建研院机械化研究所等单位,分析了加拿大“斯派洛”挤压机及其他国家挤压工艺,结合我国的实际,研制成功“虎丘牌”HKJ-60A型混凝土空心板挤压机(图1),(由苏州建筑机械厂生产,已列入国家产品计划),生产60厘米宽、12厘米厚混凝土空心板。“虎丘牌”挤压机采用低频外振,结构比较简单,布置紧凑合理,加工容易,造价较低,已在国内部分省、市推广应用。混凝土空心板的成型工艺很多,有人工支模、抽芯脱模、内振拉模、外振拉模、推压工艺和挤压成型
In the past 20 years, many countries have devoted themselves to exploring new processes and new tools for the production of concrete beams and plates with high output, low cost and labor saving. In the early 1960s, Canada first produced the “Sparrow” brand hollow concrete slab extruder. With its advantages of simple process, high work efficiency, good product quality, energy and raw material saving, cost reduction and labor intensity, it enjoys a good reputation in the international construction industry. In the 1970s, the Jiangsu Institute of Building Research and the Institute of Mechanization of the China Institute for Construction Research Institute, etc., analyzed the extrusion technology of Canada’s “Spillow” and other countries, combined with the reality of our country, successfully developed the “Tiger Qiu brand ”HKJ-60A concrete hollow board extruder (Figure 1), (produced by Suzhou Construction Machinery Factory, has been included in the national product plan), production of 60 cm wide, 12 cm thick hollow concrete slab. “Huqiu brand” extrusion machine adopts low frequency external vibration, the structure is relatively simple, the layout is compact and reasonable, processing is easy, and the cost is low. It has been popularized and applied in some provinces and cities in China. There are many forming processes for hollow concrete slabs, including artificial support, core-pulling, internal vibration pulling, external vibration pulling, pushing and extrusion.