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意义有限论一反意义决定论,坚持意义是无法被固定住的。对于科学史家和科学社会学家而言,科学之所以如此重要,是因为概念的变迁、调整、重新定义、重新分类以及协商等,在科学中扮演了重要的角色。每一个概念应用的行为都隐然牵涉了抉择的元素,社会学家的任务就是寻找并解释这些抉择点,这使得整个科学知识都成为社会学感兴趣的潜在领域。作为一种关于意义的思考方式、一种论证方式,有限论这个有启发性的视角引出了诸多关于知识和意义本质的深切问题。而强纲领之“强”即在于,社会学家不仅能在理解理性的背离中,也能在理性本身的理解上,扮演相当重要的角色。那些有洞察力的科学知识社会学研究成果使人类对自身认知的窘境、所处情境的复杂面以及阴郁面有了更深入的理解。中国科技与社会学界应该鼓励科学史研究以及那些有事实根据并关注因果性解释的社会学研究。
Limited meaning An anti-meaning determinism, insist on meaning can not be fixed. For science historians and sociologists of science, science is so important because the concept of change, adjustment, redefinition, reclassification, and negotiation play an important role in science. Every conceptual application of behavior implicitly involves the elements of choice. The task of sociologists is to find and explain these choices, making the entire scientific knowledge an area of potential interest in sociology. As a way of thinking about meaning, an argumentative approach, the instructive perspective of finite theory leads to many profound questions about the nature of knowledge and meaning. The strong program “strong” means that sociologists can play an important role not only in understanding the deviation of reason but also in understanding the reason itself. The insightful sociology of scientific knowledge has led to a more in-depth understanding of the predicament of human cognition, the complex aspects of the situation in which it is situated, and the gloominess. Chinese science and sociology scholars should encourage the study of the history of science and those sociological studies that are factual and causal explanations.