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高速公路的出现不是偶然的,它是社会经济发展到一定阶段的必然产物,是构筑统一的大市场的客观需要。第二次世界大战爆发前,高速公路已日趋成熟,有了一定的技术标准。二战结束后,随着汽车应用领域的不断扩大,从50年代开始,首先在西方国家掀起了建设高速公路的高潮,经过近半个世纪的发展,截止目前,全世界拥有高速公路10多万公里,其中大多数分布在美国、德国、日本、法国、英国等少数发达国家。在这些国家,早在60年代中期,汽车运输就已取代铁路运输而成为交通运输的主力。 公路运输具有两快、三少的优点,即送达速度快,资金周围快;三少,即损耗少、投资少、中转少,能实现门到门运输,能灵活适应客货流变化和提供多样化服务。因此,自汽车诞生以来,汽车运输业一直呈快速发展的势头。大力发展公路运输,修建以高速公路为主体的全国性
The appearance of expressways is not accidental. It is an inevitable outcome of the development of the social economy to a certain stage and an objective need for building a unified large market. Before the outbreak of World War II, the highway has become increasingly mature, with some technical standards. After World War II, with the continuous expansion of automotive applications, starting from the 1950s, the first high-rise highway in western countries set off the climax. After nearly half a century of development, up to now, the world has more than 100,000 kilometers of freeways , Most of which are distributed in a few developed countries such as the United States, Germany, Japan, France, and Britain. In these countries, as early as the mid-1960s, motor transport had replaced rail transport as the main force of transport. Road transport has the advantages of two fast and three less, that is, delivery speed, fast capital around; three less, that is, less loss, less investment, less transit, to achieve door-to-door transport, flexibility to adapt to changes in passenger and freight flow and provide Diversified services. Therefore, since the car was born, the automobile transportation industry has been showing a rapid development momentum. Vigorously develop road transport, construction of the highway as the main body of the nation