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本文分析了黄河下游河道阻力与水力特性、综合阻力主要组成单元、床沙组成的水力特性和运动特点，阐明了超低阻力的产生与床沙细、不均匀、含沙量较大、分布不均匀，使流速分布不均匀、卡门参数变小有关，是构成“大水出好河”、“多来多排”和远距离输沙的主要动力；超高阻力是大面积的沙被阻力所为，是造成“小水淤坏河”，河床不断淤高的重要原因．Ｓ＜２００ｋｇ／ｍ￣３时，细沙河床阻力用公式（４）和（５）联解，可获得良好的结果．最后指出开发超低阻力输沙技术。消除和避免渠、槽超高阻力的出现是根除黄河河床不断淤高，引黄渠道淤塞、沙化和发展远距离输沙的主攻方向．
This paper analyzes the hydraulic characteristics and movement features of the drag and hydraulic characteristics of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the main components of the integrated resistance and bed sand composition, clarifies that the generation of ultra-low drag and bed sand are fine, uneven, Uniform distribution of velocity and unevenness of Karman’s parameters are the main motive forces that constitute “good water for good rivers,” “more for more than ones, and long-distance sediment transport.” Super-high resistance is a large area of sand resistance For, is to create a “small water silt and river”, an important reason for continuous siltation of the riverbed. S <200kg / m ~ 3, fine sand bed resistance formula (4) and (5) solution, get good results. Finally, it points out the development of ultra-low resistance sediment transport technology. Elimination and avoidance of drains and troughs The emergence of ultra-high resistance is the main direction of eradication of continuous siltation of the Yellow River bed, siltation of the Yellow River channel, desertification and the development of long-distance sediment transport.