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利用来源于8个国家和中国7个省份的399份粳稻品种为试验材料,分析了冷水胁迫下不同国家或省份间粳稻品种耐冷性状的表型差异和不同国家或省份间粳稻品种的相似性。研究结果表明,冷水胁迫下纬度相对较高的保加利亚和匈牙利粳稻品种的日生长速度、株高、穗长和结实率的表型值及其冷水反应指数(CRI)较大,表现较强的耐冷性;朝鲜和日本粳稻品种的结实率相对较高,表现较强的孕穗期耐冷性;云南粳稻品种的结实率表型值及其CRI最大,表现最强的孕穗期耐冷性。日生长速度、株高、穗长、有效穗数、穗粒数和结实率的CRI平均值均小于100%,而抽穗天数和分蘖数CRI的平均值大于100%。其中,结实率和日生长速度对冷水的反应最敏感。自然条件与冷水胁迫下,对各国家或各省份粳稻品种的聚类结果有一定的差异,与自然条件下相比较,冷水胁迫下粳稻品种的聚类结果与这些品种的地理来源更密切相关。
Using 399 japonica rice varieties from 8 countries and 7 provinces of China as test materials, the phenotypic differences of cold tolerance traits and the similarity of japonica rice varieties in different countries or provinces were analyzed under cold water stress. The results showed that the phenotypic values and the cold water response index (CRI) of the daily growth rate, plant height, spike length and seed setting rate of Bulgarian and Hungarian Japonica rice varieties with relatively high latitudes under cold water stress were higher, showing stronger resistance to cold The seed setting rate of japonica rice varieties in North Korea and Japan was relatively high, which showed strong cold tolerance at booting stage. The phenotypic value of seed set rate and the CRI with the highest CRI and the highest cold tolerance at booting stage were observed in Yunnan japonica rice varieties. The average CRI of daily growth rate, plant height, panicle length, panicles, grains per panicle and seed setting rate were less than 100%, while the average CRI of days of heading and tillering was more than 100%. Among them, the seed setting rate and daily growth rate are the most sensitive to cold water. Under natural conditions and cold water stress, the clustering results of japonica rice varieties in different countries or provinces were different. Compared with the natural conditions, the clustering results of japonica rice varieties under cold water stress were more closely related to the geographical origin of these cultivars.