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分析不同年份审定大豆品种的产量、农艺性状、品质的变化规律,可为大豆育种提供参考。本文根据国家农作物品种审定公告,将审定品种按时间顺序,分为2000~2004、2005~2009和2010~2014年三个阶段,分析了北方春大豆审定品种的产量、品质及农艺性状进展,结果表明,北方春大豆自1999年恢复试验以来共审定90个大豆品种,其产量总体趋势一直在提升,尤其是2010年以后产量潜力增加很大,2010~2014年的平均产量达198.4 kg/666.7 m2,较2000~2004年增长11.8%。平均脂肪含量表现增加趋势,15年来共审定37个高脂肪品种,占审定品种总数的41.1%,多集中在2009~2014年,但是没有高蛋白品种,脂肪与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关。株高、单株荚数随着年代的推移总体呈增高趋势,产量与株高、单株荚数和脂肪含量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.57、0.62和0.42。
Analysis of the variation of yield, agronomic traits and qualities of certified soybean varieties in different years could provide reference for soybean breeding. According to the announcement of examination and approval of national crop varieties, the validated varieties were divided into three stages from 2000 to 2004, from 2005 to 2009 and from 2010 to 2014 in chronological order. The progress of yield, quality and agronomic traits of northern spring soybean varieties were analyzed. Results The results showed that the total yield of 90 soybean cultivars in northern spring soybean has been examined and approved since the experiment was resumed in 1999. The overall yield trend has been increasing especially after 2010, with an average yield of 198.4 kg / 666.7 m2 between 2010 and 2014 , An increase of 11.8% over 2000-2004. The average fat content tended to increase. Over the past 15 years, a total of 37 high-fat varieties were examined and approved, accounting for 41.1% of the total number of validated varieties. Most of them were concentrated in 2009-2014. However, no high-protein varieties showed extremely significant negative correlation between fat and protein content. Plant height and number of pods per plant increased generally with the passage of time. There was a significant positive correlation between yield and plant height, pod number per plant and fat content, with correlation coefficients of 0.57, 0.62 and 0.42, respectively.