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目的了解铁路沿线职工膳食营养,为对其实施营养干预打基础。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法对铁路沿线站区进行膳食调查和职工问卷调查等研究。结果在沿线铁路食堂就餐的职工每日食物摄入量中,水果类、奶及奶制品类、鱼虾类、大豆类及坚果等食品摄入量都明显不足,仅分别为0g、0g、0g和11.11g,热量、蛋白质、硫胺素、核黄素、钙、钾、镁、锌、硒等营养素摄入量都有不同程度的不足,而脂肪、钠等摄入量过多,早餐热能仅占17.60%,低于标准(30%),供热比例脂肪高于标准而碳水化合物低于标准。结论铁路沿线职工膳食营养现况甚忧,宜结合实际尽早实施营养干预。
Objective To understand the dietary nutrition of workers along the railway and lay the foundation for its implementation of nutrition intervention. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to study the dietary survey and employee questionnaire survey of station areas along railway lines. Results The food intake of fruits, milk and milk products, fish, shrimps, soybeans and nuts among the workers who eat at railway canteens along the railway line were significantly lower than those of the other groups only at 0g, 0g, 0g And 11.11g, calorie, protein, thiamine, riboflavin, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, selenium and other nutrients have different levels of inadequate intake of fat, sodium and other excessive intake of breakfast energy Only accounted for 17.60%, lower than the standard (30%), the proportion of fat heating higher than the standard and carbohydrates below the standard. Conclusion The dietary and nutritional status of workers along the railway is very poor. Nutritional intervention should be implemented as soon as possible according to the actual conditions.