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NR 是 NO_3同化中的关键酶,与植物对无机氮的利用有着密切的关系,对其他代谢也有重要影响。NR 活力与作物耐肥性呈负相关,即酶活力高的品种耐肥性弱,而酶活力低的品种耐肥性强。根据 NR 活力分析对小麦和水稻品系耐肥性的鉴定取得了与田间试验一致的结果。NR 活力与生长速率的正相关关系,为速生类型的林木优良品系(种)选育提供了一个早期预测指标。在关于 NR 活力与籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的关系的研究中,两者呈正相关,负相关或不相关都有支持的证据,暗示了应与其他指标综合分析才是可取的。NR遗传规律的研究近年来受到重视。酶活力水平至少受到两个基因位点的控制,它们分别参与酶的合成和酶合成的活力调节。对细胞突变体的遗传分析指出 NR 基因内脱辅基蛋白和钼辅因子两部分组成的。硝酸还原酶(NADH:Nitrate Reductase,E.C.1.6.6.1。简写 NR)催化 NO_4~-到NO_2~-的还原,是 NO_3~-同化中的限速酶,在代谢中有重要作用。对它的研究在农业生产上有一定指导意义,近几年在作物育种和营养诊断方面都有一些应用研究。本文将对它作为育种中的生化指标的研究作一介绍。
NR is a key enzyme in the assimilation of NO_3, which is closely related to the utilization of inorganic nitrogen by plants and also has important influence on other metabolism. NR activity and crop resistance were negatively correlated, that is, high enzyme activity of varieties resistant to weak, and low enzyme activity of varieties with high resistance to fertility. According to the NR activity analysis of wheat and rice lines to identify the resistance to obtain the same field trials and the results. NR activity and growth rate of the positive correlation between the fast-growing type of forest excellent strains (breeding) provides an early prediction index. In the study of the relationship between NR activity and grain yield and protein content, there was evidence of positive correlation, negative correlation or no correlation, suggesting that it is advisable to combine with other indicators comprehensively. In recent years, the research of NR genetic law has been paid attention to. The level of enzyme activity is controlled by at least two genetic loci, which are involved in the synthesis of enzymes and the regulation of the vitality of enzyme synthesis, respectively. Genetic analysis of cell mutants indicates that the NR gene consists of two parts, apoprotein and molybdenum cofactor. Nitric acid reductase (E.C.1.6.6.1. Abbreviated NR) catalyzes the reduction of NO 4 - to NO 2 -, which is a rate-limiting enzyme in the NO 3 - assimilation and plays an important role in metabolism. Its research has certain guiding significance in agricultural production. In recent years, there are some applied researches on crop breeding and nutrition diagnosis. This article will introduce it as a biochemical indicator of breeding.