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钢中加入稀有元素(REM)能改善钢的可成型性和韧性,并能改善抗焊接开裂性。钙和镁添加剂对夹杂物产生的影响与稀有元素相似。特别是它们能控制夹杂物的形状和形成比硫化锰熔点更高的难熔硫化物。本研究中将钙和镁以INCOCAL10和INCOMAG4合金添加剂的形式添加到实验室熔炼的HY-80(含镍低合金钢)中。第三炉HY-80钢用作对比。三种试验方法测定钙和镁对于三类焊接裂纹形成的影响。采用改进型插销试验来评定钢的氢致冷裂纹敏感性,选用可变拘束试验评定钢的热裂纹敏感性;选用薄片弯曲试验测定原度方向塑性(一种与层状撕裂敏感性有关的性能)。
Addition of rare earth elements (REM) improves the formability and toughness of steels and improves the resistance to weld cracking. The effects of calcium and magnesium additives on inclusions are similar to those of rare elements. In particular, they control the shape of the inclusions and form refractory sulphides that have a higher melting point than manganese sulphides. In this study, calcium and magnesium were added to laboratory-melted HY-80 (nickel-containing low-alloy steel) in the form of INCOCAL 10 and INCOMAG 4 alloy additives. The third furnace HY-80 steel for comparison. Three Test Methods for Determining the Effect of Calcium and Magnesium on Formation of Three Types of Welding Cracks. The modified bolt test was used to evaluate the susceptibility of steel to hydrogen-induced cracking. The thermal confinement test was used to evaluate the thermal cracking susceptibility of steel. The sheet bending test was used to determine the primary plasticity (a property related to the susceptibility to lamellar tearing performance).