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一、化学结构四类主要的抗癫癎药,其基本化学结构彼此类似(附图)。巴比妥类为六杂环,其余三类则为五杂环。乙内酰脲类在五杂环的1一位是有一氮原子,(口恶)唑烷类在此位上有一氧原子,而琥珀酰胺类在此位上则有一碳原子。这些抗癫癎药在5—位上的替换基,可以是芳香基和脂肪基的结合(例如苯巴比妥的苯基和乙基),或两个芳香基的结合(例如苯妥英钠,即二苯乙内酰脲),或系两个脂肪基的混合物(例如三甲双酮等)。一般多用N一位上不带甲基的化合物,因为药物进入体内,很快就发生N—位脱甲基变化。要点:当化合物在体内的转化过程已经明了,即可在作用相同的药物中作合理之选择。二、药理作用四类抗癫癎药的化学结构虽有所类似,药理作用则大不相同。测定药物的抗痉挛能
First, the chemical structure of the four main anti-epileptic drugs, the basic chemical structure similar to each other (with photos). The barbiturates are six-membered rings and the remaining three are five-heterocyclic rings. Hydantoins have a nitrogen atom in the 1-position of a pentacyclic ring, an oxygen atom in the oxazolidine group, and a succinamide has a carbon atom in this position. Substitutions of these antiepileptic drugs at the 5-position may be combinations of aromatic and aliphatic groups (eg, phenyl and ethyl phenobarbital), or combinations of two aromatic groups (eg, phenytoin, ie Diphenhydantoin), or a mixture of two fatty groups (eg, trimethyldiketone, etc.). Generally use more than one of the N-methyl-free compounds, because the drug into the body, N-bit demethylation occurs soon. Important points: When the compounds in the body of the conversion process has been clear, you can make the same effect in the drug as a reasonable choice. Second, the pharmacological effects of the four types of anti-epileptic drugs, although similar to the chemical structure, pharmacological effects are very different. Anti-spasm determination of drugs