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目的初步探讨妊娠合并糖尿病孕妇子代远期生长发育的情况,指导孕期血糖管理,减少胎儿远期并发症的发生。方法选取2011年12月25日—2012年12月25日秦皇岛市妇幼保健院收治的妊娠合并糖尿病孕妇分娩的180例足月新生儿为糖尿病组,另随机选取同期正常妊娠孕妇分娩的200例足月新生儿为对照组,记录其新生儿体质量、胎龄、性别、血糖及其出生后24、48、72、120 h的经皮胆红素测定值,并与其3年后体质量、身高、体质量指数、三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、血压、空腹血糖指标进行比较。结果对照组与糖尿病组新生儿的体质量、胎龄及性别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。糖尿病组新生儿血糖值明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病组新生儿出生后24、48、72、120 h的经皮胆红素测定值明显高于对照组,且糖尿病组子代3岁时体质量、身高及体质量指数高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但糖尿病组子代3岁时三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、空腹血糖指标与对照组相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。糖尿病组血压中收缩压值与对照组无明显差异,但舒张压值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠合并糖尿病对其子代的影响不仅局限于胎儿和新生儿时期,亦产生一定的远期危害,应及时干预。
Objective To investigate the long-term growth and development of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and to guide the management of blood glucose during pregnancy so as to reduce the occurrence of long-term fetal complications. Methods From December 25, 2011 to December 25, 2012, 180 full-term newborn infants with gestational diabetes mellitus who were treated in Qinhuangdao MCH hospital were selected as diabetic group. Another 200 cases of normal pregnant women of the same period were randomly selected Month newborn as the control group, the newborns’ body weight, gestational age, sex, blood sugar and transcutaneous bilirubin values at 24, 48, 72 and 120 h after birth were recorded and compared with their body weight, height , Body mass index, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were compared. Results There was no significant difference in body weight, gestational age and sex between the control group and the diabetic group (P> 0.05). The blood glucose of neonates with diabetes mellitus was significantly lower than that of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). At 24, 48, 72 and 120 h after birth, the transcutaneous bilirubin in diabetic group was significantly higher than that in control group, and the body weight, height and body mass index of diabetic offspring were significantly higher than those of control group (P <0.05). However, no significant differences were found in triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and fasting plasma glucose between the diabetic group and the control group Significance (P> 0.05). Diastolic blood pressure in diabetic patients with no significant difference between the control group, but the diastolic blood pressure value was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The impact of pregnancy complicated with diabetes on its offspring is not only confined to the fetus and neonatal period, also have some long-term harm, should be timely intervention.