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《黄帝八十一难经》（以下简称《难经》）是中医学的经典著作。因其在学术上有着不可取代的地位，得以与《黄帝内经》并行二千年而不废。那么，《难经》是如何编纂成书的？它与汉代以前的医书有什么样的关系？本文讨论了以下几个问题。其一，认为《难经》应是《汉书·艺文志》著录之《扁鹊内经》和《扁鹊外经》中的一部分。《隋书·经籍志》著录之多种扁鹊的书以及《脉经》、《千金》等所引扁鹊书之内容，并是西汉前扁鹊之书而存于世者。其二，关于作者，文中认为，早期书籍的流传，多是单篇别行，并不题撰者，后之学者，知其学出于黄帝、扁鹊，遂有题名。考之《史记·扁鹊仓公传》所述，可以知其大概。所以，《难经》亦非秦越人所撰，乃是后人据《史记》所记越人行事遂题名而已。其三，《汉书·艺文志》著录扁鹊之书虽多，今存者仅《难经》与《脉经》等所引，其原因主要是因为医经虽分七家，但内容多有重复之故。又后之学者认为黄帝之书为正经，传习者众而得以存。扁鹊的书中，也仅是因与《内经》有不同者而得以存。其四，就语言的形式而言，今《难经》已不是西汉时的面貌，医经多以问答的形式记述，《难经》亦不例外，此乃古时师徒相授，学者传训诂而已。
“The Yellow Emperor Eighty-one Difficult Classic” (hereinafter referred to as “Difficult Classic”) is a classic of traditional Chinese medicine. Because of its irreplaceable status in academics, it has been able to run 2,000 years in parallel with the Yellow Emperor’s Canon without abandonment. So, how is difficult to codify the book? It with the Han Dynasty before the medical book what kind of relationship? This article discusses the following issues. First, they think that “Difficult Classic” should be part of the “Bian Que Nei Jing” and “Bian Que Jing Jing” recorded in Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi. The bibliographic books recorded by Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi and the contents of Bian magpie quoted by The Pulse of the Sutra and Qian Jin are the surviving books of the former Bian Que in the Western Han Dynasty. Second, with regard to the author, the article argues that the spread of early books was mostly single-part-governed and not inscribed. Later scholars learned that their studies were written in the Yellow Emperor and Bian Que. The test of “Historical Records Bian Quekuang public biography” described, we can know about it. Therefore, “Difficult Sutra” is not written by the Qin Yue, but the descendants of the records according to the “Historical Records” then title only. Thirdly, although there are many books in Bian Que, such as Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi, the reasons for this are mainly cited as “Difficult Sutra” and “Pulse Sutra” Repeat it. Later scholars believe that the book of the Yellow Emperor is serious and can be survived. In Bian Que’s book, it is only because of differences from the Nei Jing. Fourth, as far as the form of language is concerned, “Difficult Sutra” is no longer the face of the Western Han Dynasty. The medical sutras are mostly written in the form of question and answer. The Difficult Sutra is no exception. Excuse me.