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[目的]根据早期乳腺癌的钼靶X线、超声及临床查体发现,综合分析乳腺癌早期诊断方法及其特点。[方法]回顾性分析0～Ⅰ期乳腺癌31例,均行临床查体、双侧钼靶X线摄片和全乳腺超声扫描。[结果]临床查体对早期乳腺癌的诊断符合率为51.6%(16/31),超声、钼靶X线摄片可达83.9%(26/31)和77.4%(24/31)。早期乳腺癌临床表现仍以乳腺内肿块为主,占诊断阳性病例的87.5%(14/16),钼靶X线摄片特点以结节肿块影为主,占62.5%(15/24),低回声实性占位为早期乳腺癌主要的超声表现,所占比例为80.8%(21/26)。11例0期乳腺癌中,钼靶X线摄片诊断符合率为100.0%(11/11),超声和临床查体均为45.4%(5/11)。超声诊断Ⅰ期乳腺癌的符合率为100.0%(20/20),钼靶X线摄片、临床查体分别为65.0%(13/20)和55%(11/20)。[结论]乳腺癌在早期阶段临床表现不典型,影像学检查也可能出现疏漏,诊断时应综合考虑,若其中一项疑为乳腺癌时,应及时明确诊断。
[Objective] Based on the mammographic X-ray, ultrasonography and clinical examination of early stage breast cancer, we comprehensively analyzed the early diagnosis of breast cancer and its characteristics. [Methods] A total of 31 patients with stage 0 to stage Ⅰ breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed. All cases underwent physical examination, bilateral mammography and ultrasound scanning of the whole breast. [Results] The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination for early breast cancer was 51.6% (16/31). The ultrasound and mammography were 83.9% (26/31) and 77.4% (24/31) respectively. The clinical manifestations of early breast cancer were still mainly breast masses, accounting for 87.5% (14/16) of the positive cases diagnosed. The features of mammography were mainly nodular masses (62.5%, 15/24) Low echo real occupancy is the main ultrasound manifestation of early breast cancer, accounting for 80.8% (21/26). In 11 cases of stage 0 breast cancer, the coincidence rate of mammography and radiography was 100.0% (11/11) and 45.4% (5/11) respectively. The coincidence rate of ultrasound diagnosis of stage Ⅰ breast cancer was 100.0% (20/20), mammography and clinical examination were 65.0% (13/20) and 55% (11/20) respectively. [Conclusion] The clinical manifestations of breast cancer are not typical in the early stage, imaging may also be omissions, the diagnosis should be considered, if one of the suspected breast cancer, it should promptly confirm the diagnosis.