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目的探讨怀柔区2011年1月-2013年6月的病毒性腹泻感染情况并分析其病原学特征,为该地区病毒性腹泻的有效防控提供参考依据。方法采集监测点医院就诊的腹泻病例粪便标本300份进行病毒核酸抗原检测,并对检测结果和流行病学调查数据进行统计学分析。结果总病毒检出率为38.67%,其中杯状病毒检出率为17.33%、轮状病毒为15.00%、肠道腺病毒为3.67%、星状病毒为2.67%。不同年度病毒性腹泻检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.67,P=0.001);0岁~2岁年龄组与3岁以上年龄组相比病毒抗原检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.59,P=0.032)。结论怀柔区病毒性腹泻检出率呈逐年上升的趋势,以轮状病毒和杯状病毒感染为主。0岁~2岁婴幼儿为病毒性腹泻防控的重点人群。建议加大疫情监测力度及病毒性腹泻病原学监测,以降低怀柔区病毒性腹泻的感染率。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of viral diarrhea in Huairou District from January 2011 to June 2013 and analyze the etiological characteristics of the virus for the prevention and control of viral diarrhea in this area. Methods A total of 300 samples of diarrhea cases from the monitoring sites were collected for detection of viral nucleic acid antigens, and the results of the detection and epidemiological survey data were statistically analyzed. Results The detection rate of total virus was 38.67%. The detection rate of calicivirus was 17.33%, rotavirus was 15.00%, intestinal adenovirus was 3.67%, and astrovirus was 2.67%. The detection rates of virus diarrhea in different years were significantly different (χ2 = 14.67, P = 0.001). The detection rates of virus antigen in 0 years old to 2 years old group were statistically different from those over 3 years old (χ2 = = 4.59, P = 0.032). Conclusions The detection rate of viral diarrhea in Huairou District is increasing year by year with rotavirus and calicivirus as the main infection. 0-year-old infants and young children aged 2 to control the focus of viral diarrhea crowd. It is suggested to increase the monitoring of epidemic situation and the etiological monitoring of viral diarrhea to reduce the infection rate of viral diarrhea in Huairou District.