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目的:绝经后骨质疏松是好发于中老年女性人群中的骨代谢疾病,去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠模型是国内外通用的模拟绝经后骨质疏松发生的经典动物模型,本研究通过观察去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠股骨骨微结构的动态变化,为骨质疏松大鼠模型的临床应用提供理论参考依据。方法:将90只3月龄雌性SD大鼠按体重分层后随机分为基础组(10只)、假手术组(40只)和去卵巢组(40只)。分别在手术前(基础组)和后的3、6、12、24周,腹主动脉取血处死基础组以及假手术组和去卵巢组大鼠,每组各8-10只。每组中随机取6只大鼠,对其左股骨行micro-CT扫描及三维结构重建。选择股骨远端距生长板远端1 mm处,2.0 mm×3.5 mm,厚0.9 mm的骨组织为感兴趣区域,对感兴趣区域进行骨形态计量学分析。结果:与0周组比较,从去卵巢3周开始一直持续到24周,去卵巢组大鼠股骨vBMD、BV/TV和Tb.N显著降低,Tb.Sp和SMI显著升高,而Tb.Th无显著变化;与0周组比较,从假手术后3周开始一直到24周,假手术组所有检测指标均无显著变化。与同周龄假手术组比较,从去卵巢3周开始一直持续到24周,去卵巢组大鼠股骨Tb.N、BV/TV和vBMD显著降低,Tb.Sp显著升高,而Tb.Th没有显著变化。从去卵巢6周开始一直到24周,去卵巢组大鼠SMI显著增加。结论:3月龄大鼠股骨远端的骨微结构在去卵巢3周时就出现显著变化。提示,采用3月龄大鼠进行抗骨质疏松药物筛选时,去卵巢3周后就可以进行药物处理。
OBJECTIVE: Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a bone metabolic disease that occurs in middle-aged and elderly women. Ovariectomized rat model is a common animal model that simulates the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis in our country. In this study, The dynamic changes of the femoral bone microstructure in ovariectomized rats provide a theoretical reference for the clinical application of the rat model of osteoporosis. Methods: 90 three-month-old female SD rats were randomly divided into basic group (n = 10), sham operation group (n = 40) and ovariectomized group (n = 40). The basilar group and the sham operation group and the ovariectomized group, 8-10 rats in each group, were sacrificed 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks before surgery (basal group) and after 3, 6, 12 and 24 weeks respectively. Six rats in each group were randomly selected. The left femur was subjected to micro-CT scan and three-dimensional reconstruction. Bone tissues at the distal end of the femur 1 mm distal to the growth plate, 2.0 mm × 3.5 mm, and 0.9 mm thick were selected as the regions of interest, and bone morphometry was performed on the region of interest. Results: Compared with 0 week group, the vBMD, BV / TV and Tb.N of femur in ovariectomized group decreased significantly, Tb.Sp and SMI increased significantly, while Tb. Th no significant change; compared with the 0 week group, from the sham 3 weeks after the start to 24 weeks, sham group all the test indicators did not change significantly. Compared with the sham operation group of the same age, the femur Tb.N, BV / TV and vBMD of the ovariectomized group decreased significantly, Tb.Sp increased significantly, and Tb.Th No significant change. From ovariectomized 6 weeks to 24 weeks, the ovariectomized rat SMI increased significantly. CONCLUSION: The bone microarchitecture at the distal femur of 3-month-old rats showed significant changes at 3 weeks after ovariectomy. Tip, using 3-month-old rats anti-osteoporosis drug screening, ovariectomized after 3 weeks of drug treatment.